The various applications and methodological aspects of Finite element analysis in Dental Traumatology Research- A systematic review

1. Review title. The various applications and methodological aspects of Finite element analysis in Dental Traumatology Research- A systematic review 2. Original language title. English 3. Anticipated or actual start date. 31-1-2022 4. Anticipated completion date. 30-3-2022 5. Stage of review at time of this submission. Not yet started 6. Named contact. Dr Mohammad Atif 7. Named contact email. Drmohammadatif1991@gmail.com 8. Named contact address. Dr Mohammad Atif Senior Resident, Division of Peodontics and Preventive Dentistry 6th Floor, Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India-110029 9. Named contact phone number. +91-7620699744 10. Organisational affiliation of the review. Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029 11. Review team members and their organisational affiliations. Dr Atif Mohammad, Dr Nitesh Tewari, Dr Vijay P Mathur, Dr Rahul Morankar, Dr Manjari Rishikesh, Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Dr Anoop Chawla, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi. 12. Funding sources/sponsors. None 13. Conflicts of interest. None 14. Collaborators. None 15. Review question. What are the various applications and methodological aspects of Finite element analysis in Dental traumatology research? 16. Searches. The PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane databases will be searched on 2nd February 2022 without any restriction of language and year of publication. A search of the grey literature will be performed in Google Scholar and Open-Grey. The search strategy will include the use of text words and MeSH terms to address the Population (P), Intervention (I), Comparator (C), Outcome (O) of the research question- P- Studies related to any aspect of dental traumatology I- Finite element analysis C- Not required/ Not mandatory O- Distribution of the studies in different domains of dental traumatology and their methodological aspects The search strategy will be Field 1: Traumatic-Dental-Injuries OR Dental-Trauma OR Tooth-avulsion OR Tooth-Fracture OR Tooth-Trauma OR Tooth-Injuries OR Tooth-Luxation or Dental-injuries OR Crown-Fracture OR Crown-Root-fracture OR Root-Fracture OR Dento-alveolar-fracture OR Subluxation OR Concussion OR Contusion OR Lateral-Luxation OR Intrusion OR Intrusive-Luxation OR Extrusion OR Extrusive-Luxation OR Fractured-Tooth Filed 2: Finite-element-analysis OR Finite-element-method OR FEA OR FEM OR Finite-element-model OR Finite-element-algorithms Partial searches with the Boolean tools AND and OR will be done with the above keywords. The translations of the Keywords will be utilized to maximize the scope of the searches. Suitable modification shall be done for different databases and search of grey literature. References of the included articles will be searched. The searches will be saved electronically in EndNote online (Clarivate Analytics), which will also be used for removing the duplicates. The Literature search will be performed independently by two reviewers (MA and NT). In event of any disagreement, the consensus will be established by consulting the senior reviewer (VM). Reference lists of eligible studies will be cross-checked to identify additional studies. 17. URL to search strategy. None 18. Condition or domain being studied. Application of Finite element methods in Dental traumatology research 19. Participants/population. Studies related to any aspect of dental traumatology Exclusion: • Studies not related to dental trauma research. • Letter to editors • Short communications 20. Intervention(s), exposure(s). Finite Element Analysis/Methods 21. Comparator(s)/control. Not required/ Not mandatory 22. Types of study to be included. In vitro studies, in silico 23. Context. All studies involving the use of Finite element method in Dental traumatology will be included. 24. Main outcome(s). Various applications of FEA in different domains dental traumatology 25. Additional outcome(s). Methodological aspects of the FEA studies 26. Data extraction (selection and coding). Two authors NT, MA will assess studies to determine inclusion and undertake data extraction independently. The data extraction will be done using a specially designed pre piloted data extraction form. In event of difference of opinions, the Senior Expert VM will be consulted for agreement. 27. Risk of bias (quality) assessment. Risk of Bias for the studies will be evaluated by using self developed risk of bias tool for use of Finite element analysis in dentistry and will be done by two reviewers MA and MR independently. In event of disagreement, opinion of VP will be taken as final. 28. Strategy for data synthesis. The data will be entered in MS Excel format and synthesized as per the desired outcome variables. The data extraction will be done using a specially designed pre piloted data extraction form. The pilot testing of the sheet will be done in a sample of 10 studies. This will also be done for calibration of the reviewers. The different elements extracted will be- 1. Author (first author) 2. Year 3. Journal 4. Domain of TDI 5. Subdomain of TDI 6. Aim of the study described in the Population (P), Intervention (I), Comparator (C), Outcome (O) 7. Tooth/ Structure modelled 8. DICOM image/ Radiograph/ Photograph used for model development and its source. 9. Designing and Analytical Softwares used 10. 2D/3D model used 11. Static/ dynamic analysis done shape of elements 12. Number of elements and nodes in each model 13. Sub-structures defined in the model, 14. Boundary conditions 15. Restrains 16. Mechanical properties such as isotropic/anisotropic 17. Material behaviour: Linear/non-Linear/plastic/elastoplastic/viscoelastic/ viscoplastic 18. Poissons ratio 19. Youngs modulus(GPA) 20. Density of materials(g/cm3) 21. Material stiffness number 22. Damping effect (if used) 23. Range of force used 24. Point of application of force 25. Duration of force µs 26. Direction of force (Angle) 27. Shape of impact object(if modelled) 28. Degree of freedom 29. Mechanical Modelling(if done) 30. Other findings 31. disadvantage of model 29. Analysis of subgroups or subsets. None planned 30. Type and method of review. Systematic Review 31. Language. English 32. Country. India 33. Other registration details. None 34. Reference and/or URL for published protocol. None 35. Dissemination plans. The systematic review will be submitted to the leading Journal in the field for publication. 36. Keywords. Traumatic Dental Injuries, Dental Trauma, Finite element analysis, Finite element model, Finite element method, Tooth fracture. 37. Details of any existing review of the same topic by the same authors. None 38. Current review status. Not yet started 39. Any additional information. This review is being undertaken to help in providing research directions for use of FEA in Dental traumatology.It will also help to evaluate the shortcomings in extrapolating the results of FEA into clinical practise. This will further aid in developing appropriate interventions for improving the same.