On the Propagation and Translational Adjustment of Isolated Vortices in Large-Scale Shear Flows

This study explores the dynamics of intense coherent vortices in large-scale vertically sheared flows. We develop an analytical theory for vortex propagation and validate it by a series of numerical simulations. Simulations are conducted using both stable and baroclinically unstable zonal background flows. We find that vortices in stable westward currents tend to adjust to an equilibrium state characterized by quasi-uniform zonal propagation. These vortices persist for long periods, during which they propagate thousands of kilometers from their points of origin. The adjustment tendency is realized to a much lesser extent in eastward background flows. These findings may help to explain the longevity of the observed oceanic vortices embedded in predominantly westward flows. Finally, we examine the influence of background mesoscale variability induced by baroclinic instability of large-scale flows on the propagation and persistence of isolated vortices.