Charge-exchange and charge-conserving reactions on Mg, Ar, Zr, and Sn isotopes

We investigate charge-exchange reactions (CEXRs) and charge-conserving reactions (CCORs) on Mg, Ar, Zr, and Sn isotopes by comparing our theoretical results to relevant experimental data on stable nuclei. As for CEXRs, first, we discuss nuclear beta decay because it may give more convincing input data on the network calculations for successive capture reactions by protons and neutrons. Second, we address the importance of the Gamow Teller (GT) states that are low-lying excited states well known in the conventional nuclear physics while high-lying excited states still remain to be studied. The third topic, which is viable through the CCORs, is the symmetry energy associated with the equation of state of nuclear matter. By using the CCORs, we can study the isoscalar giant dipole resonance (ISGDR) and the pigmy dipole resonance (PDR). We discuss theoretical results regarding these CEXRs and CCORs on 26Mg, 40Ar, 90,92Zr, and 112∼124Sn and compare them with available experimental data. Our calculations are carried out by using the proton-neutron quasi-particle random phase approximation (pnQRPA), the QRPA, the deformed QRPA (DQRPA), the shell model and a hybrid model. Our results are shown to agree with the data available. These nuclear reactions considered in this report will complement capture reactions by protons and neutrons which are of vital importance for understanding the element abundances in the cosmos.