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Individual foraging specialization in group-living species

Authors :
Catherine E. Sheppard
Rachel Heaphy
Harry H. Marshall
Michael A. Cant
Source :
Animal Behaviour. 182:285-294
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2021.

Abstract

Individual foraging specialization is a widespread occurrence and has numerous causes and consequences associated with it. However, one key area that has remained largely undiscussed, is the presence of such specialization in group-living species. This warrants special consideration as the behaviour of individuals living in groups is strongly influenced by their social environment, and so may result in distinct mechanisms favouring specialization. Here, we synthesize current theories regarding individual specialization and apply these to group-living species. In doing so we develop a set of testable predictions about the causes and consequences of individual foraging specialization in group-living species. In particular, we conclude that increased local competition between conspecifics will drive the development of individual foraging specialization in group-living species. We hypothesize that ‘one-to-one’ learning will promote individual foraging specialization, whereas learning from multiple role models will erode individual specialization through behavioural conformity. This increase in specialization may also make social groups more resilient to environmental change. We argue that testing predicted causes and consequences of individual specialization in group-living species is an important step in developing our understanding of the evolution of animal societies and how they are likely to be affected by a changing environment.

Details

ISSN :
00033472
Volume :
182
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Animal Behaviour
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........ae27932e2e52c297b03c1f7a36be50f0