Breast pathology guideline implementation in low- and middle-income countries

The authors concludedthat proper training in breast pathology for patholo-gists and laboratory technicians is critical and providesthe underpinnings of program success for any countryat any level of economic wealth. Educational activitiesandqualitycontrol(QC)programshavebeenrecognizedas part of the proficiency assessment for the determina-tion of any biomarkers and have been demonstrated tobe valid tools for improving reproducibility in bio-markers determination. However, the question ofwhether the improvement in reproducibility because oftraining is maintained as time goes on is still of great in-terest. Five years ago, we initiated a QC program for his-tologic grading on behalf of the Italian Network forQuality Assurance of Tumour Biomarkers (INQAT).Because the first round of this QC indicated a less-than-optimal level of reproducibility