Lithium electrochromism of atmospheric pressure plasma jet-synthesized NiO x C y thin films

Reversible lithium intercalation and deintercalation behavior of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ)-synthesized organonickel oxide (NiO x C y ) thin films under various substrate distances is testified in an electrolyte (1 M LiClO4–propylene carbonate solution) at low driving voltages from −0.5 to 1.5 V. Fast responses of 2 s bleaching at −0.5 V and 6 s coloration at +1.5 V are accomplished for the nano-porous NiO x C y thin films. This study reveals that a rapid synthesis of electrochromic NiO x C y thin films in a single process via APPJ by 21 s is investigated. This study presents a noteworthy electrochromic performance in a light modulation with up to 43% of transmittance variation and a coloration efficiency of 36.3 cm2/C at a wavelength of 830 nm after 200 cycles of cyclic voltammetry measurements.