1999 ITRS metrology roadmap and its implications for lithography

The 1999 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors describes the critical measurement challenges for all areas of wafer processing in the Metrology Roadmap. The roadmap indicates that the research and development community must advance microscopy, especially scanning electron microscopy, in the near term and simultaneously develop alternate technology for IC generations with sub 100 nm feature sizes. In this paper, the issues such as loss of depth of focus that are facing CD-SEM are described. In addition, some of key challenges for overlay are briefly mentioned.