Marine-Based Calcium Phosphates from Hard Coral and Calcified Algae for Biomedical Applications

The materials that are developed from the different kind of marine organisms have a broad range of properties and characteristics that can explain their potential functions in the biomedical area. Accordingly, new opportunities are created by biomaterials produced from marine-based sources such as calcium phosphate-based bioceramics, composites, and polymers within the biomedical fields such as new drug delivery systems, the design of novel implantable devices, and various applications in tissue engineering. The major aim of this chapter is to explain the importance of marine structures applicable for biomedical applications as well as choosing the appropriate conversion technique in order to obtain designs and structures best suited for their intended use. Therefore, we will highlight various conversion techniques used in the synthesis of calcium phosphate bioceramics from various marine sources such as Tubipora musica , Foraminifera , Porites Hard Corals and Halimeda cylindracea calcified algae, and their biomedical applications in this chapter.