A preliminary study on diversity status of Odonates in and around college of forestry Campus, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka, India

In rural areas electricity is either unavailable or available for limited period. So performing many activities with the help of animal driven rotary mode power can be a good alternative. The bullocks can be used in rotary mode power transmission system, post-harvest operations like mini rice mill, flour milling, chaff cutting, dal milling, groundnut decortications, oil extraction, threshing Shevai making machine and other stationery operations. Draught animals are used for a limited period for agricultural work 40 to 50 days and the rest of the time they stand idle. The farmer has to feed them throughout the year despite no work output during off season, leading to high maintenance cost as compared to power output. But this idle period can be utilized and converted to work through rotary mode operation. The proposed research work presents the performance evaluation of shevai machine unit. The mean draft was 418.1N which was 4.84 per cent of bodyweight of the bullocks. The increase in respiration rate, pulse rate decreased with duration. The rpm of bullock from 30 min. of trials was initially 65 and reduced to 60 at load condition. The mean rpm of the shevai machine shaft was observed to be 150. The output of machine gradually decreased with duration may be due to a decrease in the speed of the shaft of the shevai machine. The mean output was found to be 8 kg/h were as the output of shevai machine operated with an electric motor was 10 kg/h. The average power output from the bullock over three times 30 minutes of working in Shevai machine was 0.498Kw. The operation of the Shevai machine was found to be feasible considering the draft ability of Red Kandhari type bullocks. The total cost of operation of unit was calculated Rs. 8.33 Rs / h with an output capacity of flour mill observed 1.0 hp.