PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS TO ASSESS THE RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY: A RETROSPECTIVE RURAL HOSPITAL BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major contributor to chronic kidney diseases globally as well as in India andi s associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study is to estimate HbA 1 c, Fasting Insulin, total lipid profile, renal parameters and anthropometric parameters in assessing the most common complications of Diabetic Nephropathy. Two hundre d fifty type 2 diabetes mellitus and non diabetes subjects were studied for their anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Independent paired t - test was used to compare mean differences between parameters and p - value < 0.05 was considered significant. Di abetic patients had higher BMI, WHR and higher insulin levels compared to non diabetics. Significant relation was observed between HbA 1 c and HDL - C in diabetic patients. Higher values of fasting insulin, HbA 1 c, lipid profile with anthropometric measurement s and other biochemical parameters were significantly associated with commonest conflict of diabetic nephropathy. It further predicts CVD mortality in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Early screening for incipient diabetic nephropathy and aggressive man agement of these risk factors is important in optimizing the renal outcome of patients with diabetes mellitus. These results indicate that the risk of developing diabetes is certainly higher in non - diabetes subjects.