An Automated Irrigation and Monitoring System Using IoT: A Survey

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing the agricultural business and assisting farmers to overcome the enormous obstacles they confront. Agriculture is a vast area that needs to be studied. About 80% of India’s surface water is used for agriculture. It can be used for a plethora of applications. Proper irrigation is still a challenge in most agriculture practices. Farming is critical to the development of a nation like Ethiopia. Agriculture-related issues have consistently stymied the country's development. The difficulties that the Internet of Things (IoT) may handle, include regulating cattle, sustainability, and plants and soil. The only solution to this challenging problem is contemporary agriculture and technology for sustainable water use by updating traditional agricultural techniques. By solving issues in farming, having to cut IoT applications boosts agricultural production's efficiency, quality, durability, and cost-effectiveness. This reduces the risk of over or under-watering, resulting in healthier plants and higher yields. Today's enormous and tiny farms may apply IoT to monitor the location that may monitor crop development, identify insects, and assess water content as well as their smart linked cultivators and irrigation. Moreover, the system also reduces the need for manual monitoring and intervention, saving time and reducing labour costs. This project improves the watering operation while monitoring soil parameters including water content, temperatures, and conductivity. Node-MCU is applied to make judgements. If there is a deviation from the impact on succeeding, the user is warned by text message. This guarantees the whole system's health and it enables the system to use an appropriate quantity of water which avoids over/under irrigation.