The Suppressive Effects of Geniposide and Genipin on Helicobacter pylori Infections In Vitro and In Vivo

Geniposide and genipin have been found in Gardenia jasminoidesEllis, a traditional Chinese medicine that exhibits multiple biological functions. However, no report showing the effects of geniposide and genipin on gastric protection in Helicobacter pyloriinfections in vitroand in vivohas been done. In this study, we clarified how geniposide and genipin suppress H. pylori-mediated inflammation in gastric AGS cells and C57BL/6 mice. Our results demonstrated that genipin shows a strong ability to inhibit H. pylorigrowth and is able to reduce vacAand cagAgene expression of H. pyloriin infected AGS cells. Genipin also attenuates the abilities of adhesion and invasion of H. pylorito AGS cells. An attenuation of interleukin (IL)-8 and IFN-? production caused by genipin was observed to inhibit cell inflammatory responses. In the in vivoexperiments, geniposide and genipin both showed suppressive effects on the vacAgene expression in mice after H. pyloriinfection. The serum levels of IFN-?, IL-1s, immunoglobulin A, and Immunoglobulin M were decreased by geniposide and genipin in infected mice. The inflammatory maker COX2 was downregulated in H. pylori-infected mice after exposure to geniposide and genipin. Together, geniposide and genipin effectively exert a healthy promotion to reduce H. pyloriinfections in vivoby interfering with the growth and virulence of H. pylorias well as attenuating the gastric inflammation caused by an H. pyloriinfection. Geniposide and genipin have a healthy promotion to eradicate H. pyloriinfections by interfering with the growth and virulence of H. pyloriand to attenuate the gastric inflammation caused by an H. pyloriinfection.