EL FOLKLORE MUSICAL COMO FUENTE DE INSPIRACIÓN

A lo largo de la historia de la musica, el folklore musical ha sido utilizado como fuente de inspiracion para la composicion, especialmente entre finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Dentro de este marco, Manuel de Falla y Bela Bartok son dos compositores de referencia, sin embargo las investigaciones pormenorizadas sobre la influencia del folklore en sus obras, especialmente de forma comparada, son escasas. El objeto de esta tesis es profundizar en el estudio de la influencia del folklore musical en Falla y Bartok, a traves de dos obras, la Fantasia Baetica y la Sonata para piano (1926), determinando la forma en la que dicha influencia se manifiesta y definiendo el alcance de la misma. En la primera parte de la tesis realizamos una contextualizacion y una primera aproximacion analitica. En la segunda parte abordamos la influencia del folklore segun refleje un componente mas cercano a la vertiente instrumental o a la vertiente vocal, asi como analizamos dos casos especiales de inspiracion. Como veremos a traves de este estudio, aunque cada obra se conciba dentro de un entorno musical diferente, la influencia de la fuente popular es comparable e igualmente profunda, lo que situa al folklore en una posicion fundamental para la comprension de estas dos obras y, refleja, a su vez, una vision compartida sobre esta fuente de inspiracion. Throughout music history, folk music has always been a source of inspiration for composers, especially in the period between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Manuel de Falla and Bela Bartok are both remarkable composers of that era, however, detailed researches about the influence of folk music on their work are hard to find, not to mention a comparative analysis. The purpose of this thesis is to fill this void, by studying in detail the influence of folk music on Falla’s and Bartok’s two works, Fantasia Baetica and Piano Sonata (1926), with the aim of defining how this influence is manifesting itself and determining the scope of it. In the first part of the thesis we familiarize ourselves with the context and lay down an analytical approach. In the second part we study the influence of folk music, depending on how it reflects on a component, if it is closer to an instrumental side, or a vocal side, and we analyse two special cases of inspiration, as well. Although each of the works belong to a different musical environment, as we will see throughout this study, the influence of the popular source is equally comparable and deep, which means that understanding folk music is fundamental, in order to understand these two works, and at the same time, both works have a shared vision of this inspirational source.