Adipocyte deletion of the RNA binding protein HuR induces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis

Adipose tissue continues to gain appreciation for its broad role as an endocrine organ, and disruptions in adipose tissue homeostasis plays a central role in cardiovascular physiology. We have previously shown that expression of the RNA binding protein HuR in adipose tissue mediates energy expenditure, but the potential cardiovascular impacts of this finding have not been explored. We show here that adipose tissue-specific deletion of HuR (Adipo-HuR-/-) is sufficient to induce the spontaneous development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Hearts from Adipo-HuR-/- mice have increased left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, rate of pressure generation, and LV posterior wall thickness that is accompanied by an increase in LV/body weight ratio and hypertrophic gene expression. Furthermore, Adipo-HuR-/- hearts display increased fibrosis by picrosirius red staining and periostin expression. To identify underlying mechanisms, we applied both RNA-seq and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to define HuR-dependent changes in gene expression as well as significant relationships between adipose tissue gene expression and LV mass. RNA-seq results demonstrate a significant increase in pro-inflammatory gene expression in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) from Adipo-HuR-/- mice that is accompanied by an increase in serum levels of both TNF-α and IL-6. WGCNA identified a significant enrichment in inflammation, apoptosis/cell death, and vesicle-mediated transport genes among those whose expression most significantly associated with CVD in Adipo-HuR-/-. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the loss of HuR expression in adipose tissue promotes the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, potentially through modulation of inflammation and vesicle-mediated transport in scWAT.NEW AND NOTEWORTHYThis work demonstrates the spontaneous development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis upon adipose tissue-specific deletion of the RNA binding protein HuR that appears to be mechanistically driven by HuR-dependent changes in inflammatory and extracellular vesicle transport mediating genes in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue. These results suggest that loss of HuR expression in adipose tissue in obesity, as demonstrated in mouse and humans by our group and others, may contribute to obesity-mediated CVD.