Integrin-Mediated Interactions in Cartilage Physiology and Pathophysiology

The development and homeostasis of cartilaginous tissues are regulated by diverse microenvironmental cues including integrin-mediated interactions between chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins are membrane receptors responsible for bi-directional communication between the cells and the surrounding by transmitting physicochemical signals through adhesion complexes. In addition, integrins are involved in sensing mechanical stress signals generated by the ECM and transduce them into the cell interior converting physical stimuli to biochemical signaling. Integrin-activated signaling cascades modulate various chondrocyte functions and play important roles in cartilage morphogenesis, homeostasis, and repair. This chapter will summarize and discuss the role of integrins in the physiology and pathophysiology of the growth plate and articular cartilage.