Differences between innate response in children with bronchiolitis versus recurrent wheezing

Infants affected by bronchiolitis during first months of life, frequently develop recurrent wheezing(RW) and asthma. The aim of this study was to analyse the innate immune response that characterise bronchiolitis (BQ) and RW. Method: Ninety-nine and seventy-two infants hospitalised with BQ or RW respectively, (October/2016-August/2017), and 23 healthy-infants were included. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) were processed. Type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) were evaluated by flow cytometry. Twenty-eight pro-inflammatory factors linked to innate immunity, inflammation and epithelial damage were evaluated in NPA supernatant by ELISA. Also, eleven genes were analyzed in NPA cells by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results: Bronchiolitis presented a significant increase of ILC2 percentage compared with RW (P Conclusion: Differential innate immune response and epithelial repair mechanisms were observed between both diseases; however, BQ and RW share mechanisms such us monocyte activation, vascular damage and fibroblast repair.