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Temperature-dependent evolution of Ti 3d spectral features at surface of BaxTi8O16+δ
- Source :
- Physical Review B. 100
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- American Physical Society (APS), 2019.
-
Abstract
- We have studied temperature-driven effects on photoemission spectra of hollandite-type ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{x}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{8}{\mathrm{O}}_{16+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ across its metal-insulator transition (MIT) at 220 K by using surface-sensitive photon energies from 27 to 70 eV. The surface Ti $3d$ spectral weight was suppressed and shifted towards higher binding energy from the bulk if the surface was obtained by cleavage above the MIT temperature. The Ti $3d$ spectral weight was recovered once the sample was cooled across the MIT, indicating a transfer of Ti $3d$ electrons from the bulk to the surface across the MIT. The recovered Ti $3d$ spectral shape is consistent with the bulk-sensitive result and indicates strong localization character of the Ti $3d$ electron even in the metallic phase. Resonant photoemission spectroscopy with absorption from the Ti $3p$ core level exhibits resonances of the O $2p$-Ti $3d$ and O $2p$-Ti $4s,p$ hybridized states. The result suggests that the O $2p$-Ti $4s,p$ hybridization plays a role in the interplay between the bulk and the surface in ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{x}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{8}{\mathrm{O}}_{16+\ensuremath{\delta}}$.
- Subjects :
- Photon
Materials science
Spectral weight
Photoemission spectroscopy
Binding energy
Cleavage (crystal)
02 engineering and technology
Electron
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
01 natural sciences
Spectral line
Metal
Crystallography
visual_art
0103 physical sciences
visual_art.visual_art_medium
010306 general physics
0210 nano-technology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 24699969 and 24699950
- Volume :
- 100
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Physical Review B
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........9e0e5f0ef6bed56870fdd7f5fbf1c691