Reduced graphene oxide-based highly sensitive pressure sensor for wearable electronics via an ordered structure and enhanced interlayer interaction mechanism

Compressible carbon materials have promising applications in various wearable devices. However, it is still difficult to prepare a carbon material with superior mechanical properties, stable strain-electrical signal response, and high linear sensitivity. In this study, a compressible and conductive carbon aerogel with excellent properties is obtained by designing an ordered wavy layered structure with enhanced interactions between carbon layers. Bidirectional freezing is used to produce a wavy layered structure. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and lignin play important roles in enhancing the interactions between reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers. Due to the design of the carbon aerogel structure and interlayer interactions, the prepared carbon aerogel exhibits supercompressibility (up to 99% ultimate strain), excellent elasticity and fatigue resistance (91.3% height retention after 10 000 cycles at a strain of 30%), and stable strain-current response. Moreover, the carbon aerogel demonstrated an ultrahigh sensitivity of 190.94 kPa−1, a wide linear range (within strain of 0–80%), and a low detection limit for pressure (0.875 Pa). These advantages suggest that this carbon aerogel has great application potential in wearable devices.