Implemented optical perfect shuffle with a planarized architecture

microelectronic integrated circuits is limited by electromagnetic interference, parasitic capacitance, andinductance coupling. To overcome the bottlenecks of electrical interconnects, optical interconnection hasbeen widely agreed to be one of the most important alternatives.23Many investigators have been working on optical implementation of the perfect shuffle, and severalapproaches have been proposed and then demonstrated.4-9 Lohmann and his colleague4'5 performed thisconcept with a combination of lenses and prisms. Using microlens arrays, the PS is demonstrated bySawchuk and Glaser.6 Recently, holographic optical elements (HOEs) are employed to implement one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) PSs.79 All these implementations are limited to free spaceoptical interconnects, which are vulnerable to mechanical and environmental perturbations. Furthermore