Association of Frailty Risk with Hospital Outcomes after Surgical Resection for Benign and Malignant Spinal Meningiomas

OBJECTIVE The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is a metric used to assess patient frailty risk in large national datasets using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes. While previous studies have assessed the association between frailty risk and postoperative outcomes in spine oncology, there is a paucity of data on the relationship between frailty risk and outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for spinal meningiomas. The goal of this study was to investigate the association between HFRS and hospital length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, and cost of admission in patients undergoing surgery for spinal meningiomas. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed using the National Inpatient Sample Database from 2016 to 2019. Adult patients with benign or malignant spine meningiomas, identified using ICD-10 diagnostic and procedural coding, were stratified by HFRS: Low (HFRS 77.4%) were female and of the 2,815 Low risk patients, 2,185 (77.6%) were female. The Intermediate-High cohort was significantly older (Low: 60.94±14.63 years vs Intermediate-High: 66.93±14.23 years, p Low: 32.5% vs Intermediate-High: 74.5%, p Low: 7.1% vs Intermediate-High: 14.2, p = 0.018). Intermediate-High patients had longer mean LOS (Low: 4.02±2.30 days vs Intermediate-High: 7.14±6.03 days, p Low: $24,344±$16,743 vs Intermediate-High: $37,013±$27,547, p Low: 27.9% vs Intermediate-High: 55.7%, p