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Reaction profile in patch testing with allergens formed during vulcanization of rubber
- Source :
- Contact Dermatitis. 70:300-308
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2014.
-
Abstract
- Summary Background Vulcanization of rubber changes its allergen pattern. Objectives To estimate the contact allergic reactivity profile of users of finished rubber products. Methods Twenty-four patients with known contact allergy to rubber accelerators were patch tested with 21 compounds found in chemical analyses of vulcanized rubber products. No diphenylguanidine, p-phenylenediamine antioxidants or thioureas were included in the study. Results Thiuram monosulfides formed during vulcanization showed generally stronger test reactions than the corresponding thiuram disulfides. We also obtained more positive thiuram reactions to the monosulfides than to the disulfides. A positive reaction to a dithiocarbamate was accompanied by a positive reaction to the corresponding thiuram, except for 1 patient. The nitrogen substituents showed only minor differences between the methyl, ethyl and pentamethylene groups, but the butyl derivatives gave, in most cases, a negative response. Dialkylthiocarbamyl benzothiazole sulfides, formed between thiurams and mercaptobenzothiazoles during vulcanization, showed strong test reactions in almost all patients who were sensitive to dithiocarbamates, thiurams, or mercaptobenzothiazoles. Conclusions We found thiuram monosulfides to be better markers of thiuram sensitivity than the corresponding disulfides or dithiocarbamates. Surprisingly, the dialkylthiocarbamyl benzothiazole sulfides were good markers of both thiuram and mercaptobenzothiazole sensitivity. This is an unexpected finding that needs to be confirmed in a larger study.
- Subjects :
- chemistry.chemical_classification
Chemistry
Vulcanization
Dermatology
medicine.disease
Patch testing
law.invention
chemistry.chemical_compound
Natural rubber
Benzothiazole
law
visual_art
Polymer chemistry
visual_art.visual_art_medium
medicine
Immunology and Allergy
Organic chemistry
Mercaptobenzothiazole
Reactivity (chemistry)
Dithiocarbamate
Contact dermatitis
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 01051873
- Volume :
- 70
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Contact Dermatitis
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........97ca3fcd5a18887ca1f3d13ec5d51305
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.12168