Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal carcinoma is one of the deadliest malignant tumors. This article reviews its epidemiology, etiology, and clinical and endoscopic presentation, as well as methods for proper staging to identify the patients who will not benefit from surgery and require palliative therapy. The various treatment options are discussed in detail with an emphasis on the latest endoscopic palliative measures.