Performance and emissions of gasoline Homogeneous Charge Induced Ignition (HCII) by diesel through whole operating range on a heavy-duty multi-cylinder engine

Recently the performance of dual fuel strategy on multi-cylinder engines over the whole engine map has received increasing attention. This research focuses on the potential of Homogeneous Charge Induced Ignition (HCII) combustion fueled with gasoline and diesel meeting Euro V emission standard through the whole operating range using a simple after-treatment system. This combustion mode utilizes a port injection of high-volatile fuel (gasoline) to form a homogeneous charge and a direct injection of high ignitable fuel (diesel) near the Top Dead Center (TDC) to trigger combustion. In this paper, an experimental and numerical investigation of the combustion characteristics and emission formation of HCII on a multi-cylinder heavy-duty engine is conducted. The effects of gasoline ratio (Rg), one of the most important parameters in dual-fuel mode, are explored and analyzed in detail. A Rg of 70–80% is recommended for better combustion and emission performance at the operating condition in this paper. HCII also turns out to be an effective strategy to reduce NOx and soot emissions at the same time. Furthermore, the high THC and CO emissions of HCII combustion can be eliminated using Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC). Then the HCII strategy was optimized through the whole operating range showing a great potential of meeting Euro V limitations only with DOC as an after-treatment device. The fuel consumption also reduced with dual fuel strategy.