Applied Resiliency and Suicide Prevention: A Strengths-Based, Risk-Reduction Framework

In this volume, our contributing experts have described the potential application of positive psychological constructs to the prevention of suicide, melding together the two seemingly disparate fields of positive psychology and suicidology. Using a framework of applied resiliency, this new field of Positive Suicidology stands in contrast to traditional deficit-oriented therapeutic and research approaches, with its emphasis on strengths, virtues, and adaptivity. Comprising classic topics such as reasons for living and social support, as well as the modern perspectives of gratitude, forgiveness, and mindfulness, we have posited Positive Suicidology as a new paradigm for suicide prevention and intervention, including as a proactive and preemptive public health strategy. Thematic patterns emerged from our exploration, suggesting that protection from suicide is multi-faceted, involving interpersonal and intrapersonal well-being, but also existential health and temporal balance. Our authors address theoretical and research support for an array of positive psychological factors found to reduce suicide risk, and discuss strategies for their clinical application, including therapies based on future orientation, mindfulness, and meaning-making. Future longitudinal research is needed on these and additional positive psychological factors, such as humor and grit, including in clinical samples, to insure the strengths-based approach we are advocating is efficacious. Overall, Positive Suicidology seems to be a necessary approach to suicide prevention, given that many of its primary constructs are overlooked in traditional therapeutic approaches, despite burgeoning empirical evidence, person-centered appeal, and the potential to improve well-being and prevent suicide.