Demand Response in Distribution Systems: A Comprehensive Review

The power system is growing from conventional grids to the smarter grids. The development of smart grids has facilitated the communication infrastructure between the grid and the end-user, which enables the grid to communicate with the customer and vice versa. This development motivated the researchers to gain interest in the area of Demand Response (DR). DR is capable to alleviate the economy of the distribution systems, however, its impact percolates to centralized generating stations via transmission systems. An extensive research work has been carried on DR pertaining to vital concerns such as economy, efficiency and reliability of the distribution systems. A brief review of this research is duly addressed by giving special attention to several methodologies, formulations and optimization techniques suggested and also throw some light on the issues and concerns of DR which are yet not being explored, but may provide new dimensions to operate future distribution systems.