Comparison of explosive welding of pure titanium/SUS 304 austenitic stainless steel and pure titanium/SUS 821L1 duplex stainless steel

Pure commercial titanium was welded with two types of stainless steel, namely SUS 304 austenitic stainless steel and SUS 821L1 duplex stainless steel. The wavy interface of SUS 821L1 was smaller than that of SUS 304. The vortex zone was observed from both longitudinal and transverse directions, and its composition was analyzed. The interface of Ti/SUS 821L11 was able to bear 401–431 MPa shear load while that of Ti/SUS 304 could withstand 352–387 MPa. The weldability window was used to analyze experimental phenomenon. Furthermore, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical simulation method was used to simulate the wavy interface. The trend of wavelength and amplitude change with strength and the stand-offs was consistent with the experimental results.