Effective and Ineffective of some Resistance Genes to Wheat Leaf, Stem and Yellow Rust Diseases in Egypt

One hundred and five wheat genotypes; 38 wheat leaf rust monogenic lines, 46 stem rust monogenic lines and 17 yellow rust monogenic lines, thee commercial wheat cultivars; Sakha 95, Misr 3 and Gemmeiza 11 and the highly susceptible variety Morocco were evaluated for their adult plant resistance and stability of resistance to rust diseases under different field conditions at Sadat City and Elbostan for three successive growing seasons i.e. 2016/2017, 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. Depending on the obtained results, differences between environments, genotypes and the interaction between environments and genotypes were highly significant for all studied characters. These results confirmed that, there are wide variations between genotypes. The wheat genotypes under study were classed into three classes based on the infection type. The first class included the most effective genotypes which included Lr 17, Lr 18, Lr 21, Lr 28 and Misr 3 for leaf rust, Sr 2, Sr 24, Sr 32, Sr 33, Sr 36, Sr 38, Sr 39 and Misr 3 for stem rust and Yr 1, Yr 5, Yr 10, Yr 15, Yr SP, Misr 3 and Sakha 95 for yellow rust. The second class was genotypes of differential resistance and the third class included ineffective genotypes. Stability factors during the three growing seasons at the two locations confirmed that, nine wheat monogenic lines; Lr 28, Lr 22a, Lr 14b, Sr 20, Sr 25, Sr 31, Sr 9e, Sr 12and Yr 17 were widely adapted and stable in their resistance.