Analysis of single polarization single mode photonic crystal cladding with hexagonal and rectangular lattice

Single-polarization single-mode (SPSM) operation of highly birefringent (HB) photonic crystal fibers (PCF) with rectangular and hexagonal lattice is investigated in detail by using a full-vector finite-element method (FEM) with anisotropic perfectly matched layers (PMLs). The position of the region of single polarization can be tuned freely by adjusting the size of the central enlarged air holes. The confinement loss and dispersion losses for standard single-mode fiber for particular SPSM PCFs are calculated and optimized. The proposed fibers are nonlinear SPSM, which may be useful for nonlinear optical applications or applications with a wide SPSM operating bandwidth requirement.