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Conceptualization of Water Flow Pathways in Agricultural Terraced Landscapes

Authors :
Paolo Tarolli
Paolo Trucchi
Paolo Nasta
Yamuna Giambastiani
Mario Palladino
Giorgio Cassiani
Enrico Guastini
Jacopo Boaga
Alessandro Errico
Federico Preti
Nunzio Romano
Andrea Dani
Rita Deiana
Daniele Penna
Source :
Land Degradation & Development. 29:651-662
Publication Year :
2017
Publisher :
Wiley, 2017.

Abstract

Agricultural terraces are often subject to degradation issues related to water movement. A better understanding of the main hydrological processes that govern surface and subsurface water flow pathways and that are responsible for terrace failure and dry-stone wall collapse is essential for appropriate water resource management and rural landscape maintenance in terraced areas. However, a clear conceptualization of different hydrological functioning related to wall instability issues is still missing. In this study we monitored a terrace system in a hilly site of central Italy cultivated with vineyards. We adopted a multidisciplinary approach based on soil analysis, different geophysical techniques, hydrological monitoring, high-resolution grid terrain analysis and field experiments (infiltration and flooding tests) aiming to i) obtain new information of terrace soil and subsoil structure; ii) test the hypothesis on wall instability based on the formation of preferential flow and water accumulation behind the wall; and iii) develop a conceptual model of water circulation in agricultural terraces. Our results indicate that terrace soil was highly heterogeneous including discontinuities and piping systems that facilitated a rapid infiltration and the development of fast subsurface flow. Groundwater rise did not occur, as observed in other terraced sites, but infiltrated water accumulated behind dry-stone walls, increasing pore water pressure and inducing wall bulging and instability. Our findings provided new field evidences of water circulation and led to the definition of a novel paradigm of hydrological functioning of farming terraced systems for addressing more efficient management and maintenance issues in these vulnerable landscapes.

Details

ISSN :
10853278
Volume :
29
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Land Degradation & Development
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........8b8e2454c742356c53a7913172ef9db3
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2764