Mitigating Vulnerabilities in 3-Factor based Authentication

Remote user authentication schemes are use to identify a user in the distributed environment. There are three different factors commonly use for authentication purpose named as password, smart card and biometric. It is been observed that authentication protocols designed till date are based on password. Normally, password is used as a first authentication factor, where as other two factors are included according to the level of security requirements. In this paper, analysis of 3-factor based protocols is done on the basis of wrong password input and stolen smart card vulnerabilities. Paper also suggest the improvements to control these vulnerabilities.