Challenges and need of delivery carriers for bioactives and biological agents: an introduction

Bioactives and/or biological agents are vital substances (i.e., vitamins and phytoactives) that occur in nature or fabricated intentionally (i.e., vaccines and recombinant protein) and are fortified for providing immense health benefits. These bioactives provide distinctive useful impacts on human health including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, antihypertensive, and many other biological activities. They offer exclusive immunity to explicit antigen, and direct the expression of a variety of genes. Bioactives are the endowment of the mother nature to benefit humankind yet endure to reach at its greatest viability because of unforeseen delivery issues. Nanotechnology is progressively utilized in pharmaceutical and medical science for overcoming the delivery challenge of various class of therapeutics. It features functionality to therapeutic actives to resolve the limitation of their delivery. Therefore nanostructured delivery systems are the panacea to fight the various delivery challenges of bioactives and biological agents that upgrade several attributes of bioactive conveyance as shielding them against debasement at various physiological conditions, improving dissolvability such and stability, and subsequently help to achieve maximum bioavailability. This chapter addresses the key challenges and opportunities for developing delivery carriers of bioactives and biological agents to overpower the restriction and providing the greatest health advantages.