The Use of Micro-HPLC and Capillary Zone Electrophoresis for the Analysis of Individual Raindrops

A new sampling procedure for individual raindrops with volumes of 4 nl - 4 μl is presented. It is demonstrated that analyte concentrations in small volumes can be analysed using micro-HPLC and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Results for the analysis of cations such as Na+, NH4 +, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and anions such as Cl−, SO4 2-, NO3 −, NO2 − and organic acids are given and discussed.