Optimisation of heat distribution in Tomsk City by inter-cluster connections model implemented in P-graph environment

Russia has a large territory, which is located in different climatic and time zones. There are settlements at a significant distance from each other, hard-to-reach areas, and a lack of natural resources. Research findings of efficient resource supply and re-use are topical for the residents of these territories. This paper discusses optimising the distribution of heat energy between consumers in a district heating system using the P-Graph approach. The heat supply system includes the hot water distribution from thermal power plants and boiler stations of Tomsk city. Thermal power plants and boiler houses use coal, natural gas and diesel fuel. It was revealed that the considered subgroups of heat suppliers have a significant imbalance of heat energy distribution. The surplus of heat energy of 274.54 GJ/h was identified. Optimisation of the heat supply system allowed decrease operating costs by 463 million RUR/h, carbon dioxide emissions reduce by 500,196 t/h and sulfur dioxide emissions by 124,392 t/h.