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Efficacy and Safety of Fully Human Bcma Targeting CAR T Cell Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
- Source :
- Blood. 134:929-929
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- American Society of Hematology, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Background: Previous studies indicate that patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who receive BCMA-targeting CAR-T cells may achieve better remission but have a higher relapse rate. Persistence of CAR T cells post-infusion may be one determinant of the duration of response. Moreover, once the disease progresses again, the re-infusion of CAR-T cells is not effective. To solve this dilemma, we have developed a novel BCMA-targeting CAR-T (CT103A) with a lentiviral vector containing a CAR structure with a fully human scFv, CD8a hinger, and transmembrane, 4-1BB co-stimulatory and CD3z activation domains. Methods: ChiCTR1800018137 is a single-center and single-arm trial of CT103A in patients with RRMM (≥ 3 prior lines, including a proteasome inhibitor and an IMiD, or double refractory). The primary objectives are the incidence of adverse events (AEs), including dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). The secondary objectives are the duration of clinical response, evaluation of minimal residual disease (MRD), progression-free and overall survival, and CAR-T cell persistence in blood. Between September 21, 2018, and August 1st, 2019, sixteen patients (including 4 patients having relapsed after being given a murine BCMA CAR-T and 5 patients having extramedullary disease and/or plasma cell leukemia) received CT103A in 3+3 dose-escalation trial (four doses at 1, 3, 6, 8 ×106/kg) after a conditioning chemotherapy regimen of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine. Median follow-up after CT103A infusion was 195 days (23 to 314 days) and all 16 patients were evaluable for initial (14 days) clinical response. Results: As of August 1st, 2019, the objective response rate was 100%, 6/16 patients achieved CR/sCR within two weeks post-infusion and all 8 patients surpassing 6 months achieved VGPR/CR/sCR. CR/sCR was 75%, and VGPR was 25% for these 8 patients, according to the IMWG Uniform Response Criteria for MM. In 4 patients who have participated in a prior CAR-T trial, three have achieved sCR, and 1 achieved VGPR. All 15 patients who could be evaluated for minimal residual disease (MRD) had MRD-negative status (≤10-4 nucleated cells by flow). The circulating CT103A cells were detected in the blood by flow and digital polymerase chain reaction, peaking at 14 days (ranging from 9 to 25), and remaining detectable in 12/16 patients, at the time of their last evaluation. Patient #1 (the first patient treated) has now exceeded 314 days of CART persistence, post-infusion. All sixteen patients developed cytokine release syndrome (according to ASBMT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurological Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells: 10 Grade 1-2, 5 Grade 3,1 Grade 4). A grade 4 CRS appeared at the 6×106 /kg dose level and was considered as a dose-limiting toxicity DLT. No neurotoxicity was observed in all dose groups. One patient died of a lung infection 19 days post-infusion. Conclusions: Data from this early-stage clinical study showed the unparalleled safety and efficacy of CT103A in heavily pretreated R/R multiple myeloma patients. Highly active (ORR 100%) and rapid response within two weeks, suggests CT103A could be developed as a competitive therapy to treat patients with RRMM. Disclosures Hu: Nanjing Iaso Biotherapeutics Co. Ltd..: Employment. Yang:Nanjing Iaso Biotherapeutics Co.: Employment. Zhou:Nanjing Iaso Biotherapeutics Co. Ltd.: Other: Chairman of Advisory Committee of Science and Medicine .
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Plasma cell leukemia
Oncology
medicine.medical_specialty
Cyclophosphamide
business.industry
Immunology
Cell Biology
Hematology
medicine.disease
Biochemistry
Minimal residual disease
Chemotherapy regimen
Fludarabine
03 medical and health sciences
Cytokine release syndrome
030104 developmental biology
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
medicine
Adverse effect
business
Multiple myeloma
030215 immunology
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15280020 and 00064971
- Volume :
- 134
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Blood
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........82b2ef2c132e8910216aa1fd65e4e492