Causal relationship between periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Literature review

Purpose. To highlight the problem of periodontal lesions in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) from the clinical-laboratory position and evaluate their relationship. In the pathogenesis of chronic generalized periodontitis, systemic diseases of the body play an important role, including obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The main dental symptom of OSA is dry mouth due to oral breathing, which is a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. The review presents the results of a number of clinical studies dedicated to assessing the relationship of periodontal disease and obstructive sleep apnea. This review summarizes knowledge about the effect of obstructive sleep apnea on the rate of progression and the severity of periodontal disease. Literature data indicate the need for further study of the characteristics of periodontal disease and the development of individual plans for dental rehabilitation of patients with OSA.