Knowing How and Two Knowledge Verbs in Japanese

In this paper, we report the results of cross-linguistic studies on knowledge-how that employ English and Japanese. The studies involve native speakers of both English and Japanese, and for the knowing how constructions in Japanese, we examined two knowledge verbs in Japanese, “shitte-iru” and “wakatte-iru,” which have been shown to be radically different in knowledge attributions in epistemologically important cases. We claim that the results support pluralism about knowledge-how.