Limited survey of deoxynivalenol occurrence in maize kernels and maize-products collected from Indonesian retail market

Fifty samples consisted of 24 maize kernels and 26 maize based-food products from retail market in Yogyakarta, Indonesia were analysed for deoxynivalenol (DON) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with ultraviolet detection after immunoaffinity column (IAC) clean-up process. Prior to use, performance of the analytical method was evaluated in term of recovery, repeatability, and detection limit. The recoveries of DON in spiked samples (50–360 μg DON/kg sample) were obtained in a range of 70.9–97.3% with relative standard deviation (RSD) for repeatability within a day less than 16%. Limit of detection based on the response ratio of signal to noise (3/1) was noted being 20 μg DON/kg sample. All analysed samples contained DON ranging between 47 and 348 μg/kg with median and means of 111.0 and 124.6 μg/kg, respectively. The contamination of DON in the studied samples may not be taken into account as hazard for human and animal health since the concentrations were lower than maximum limit of DON contamination in foodstuffs (500 μg/kg) established by European Commission (2006).