Feedback control of HfO2 etch processing in inductively coupled Cl2/N2/Ar plasmas

The etch rate of HfO2 etch processing has been feedback controlled in inductively coupled Cl2/N2/Ar plasmas. The ion current and the root mean square rf voltage on the wafer stage, which are measured using a commercial impedance meter connected to the wafer stage, are chosen as controlled variables because the positive-ion flux and ion energy incident upon the wafer surface are the key factors that determine the etch rate. Two 13.56 MHz rf generators are used to adjust the inductively coupled plasma power and bias power which control ion density and ion energy, respectively. The adopted HfO2 etch processing used rather low rf voltage. The ion-current value obtained by the power/voltage method is underestimated, so the neural-network model was developed to assist estimating the correct ion-current value. The experimental results show that the etch-rate variation of the closed-loop control is smaller than that of the open-loop control. However, the first wafer effect cannot be eliminated using closed-loop c...