Effect of pump-beam conditions on dual polarization oscillations in a microchip Nd:GdVO4laser

This study investigated the input–output characteristics of a laser-diode-end-pumped microchip Nd:GdVO4 laser under different pump-beam focusing conditions by varying the magnifications of the microscope objective lenses and pump-beam positions on a chip. Dual-polarization oscillations were generated in the entire pump region using pumping conditions associated with different temperature gradients.