Epidemiological Aspects of Cirrhosis at the Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti

Introduction: Due to its frequency and its complications, it constitutes a major public health problem in the world, particularly in Africa. According to the WHO, 350 million people suffer from chronic liver disease in the world, and Africa has 60 million with a quarter of deaths per year. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological aspects of cirrhosis at the Sominé DOLO Regional Hospital in Mopti, the first in the region. Methods and Patients: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study extending from January 1, 2021 to December 2021, carried out in the medical department of the Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti. The diagnosis of cirrhosis was retained in the face of arguments: clinical: oedemato-ascites syndrome, portal hypertension syndrome, hepatocellular insufficiency syndrome; biologicals of hepatocellular insufficiency syndrome; ultrasound suggestive of cirrhosis (hepatic atrophy, hepatomegaly, irregular contours, heterogeneous echostructure, portal trunk greater than 15 mm in diameter, maximum portal blood flow velocity less than 15 cm/s , superior splenic vein 10 mm, splenomegaly and ascites); endoscopic (esophageal varices, cardio-tuberosity varices, antral vascular ectasia, portal hypertension gastropathy. Despite these clinical, biological and imaging arguments, the diagnosis of certainty remains the liver biopsy puncture. Result: The analysis concerned 46 patients out of the 865 hospitalized patients, ie a frequency of 5.31%. The average age was 47.5 with extremes of 21 and 70 years. The most represented age group was 46 – 65 years old. The patients were divided into 34 men (73.9%) and 12 women (26.1%) i.e. a sex ratio of 2.8. Farmers/herders and housewives accounted for 76.1% (35/46) of the patients and the majority were rural (89.1%). The clinical signs found on hospitalization were: abdominal pain (82.6%), impaired general condition syndrome (80.4%), ascites (76.1%), OMI (58.7%), Hepatomegaly (52.2%), CVC (43.8%), jaundice (32.6), ...