Grid code compliance and ancillary services provision from DFIG and FRC-based wind turbines

Wind power integration has been increasing over the recent years. Although a significant number of wind turbines (WTs) are AC connected to the grid either as fixed-speed induction generators or doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs), the use of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) is being considered. As variable-speed WTs displace fossil fuel conventional plants, they are expected to comply with Grid Code requirements and contribute to the provision of ancillary services. In this paper, dynamic models and control schemes for DFIG and fully rated converter (FRC) PMSG-based WTs, rated at the same level, are presented. The dynamic responses and the fault ride-through capabilities of both technologies are assessed and compared. The inertia support capabilities of FRC PMSG-based WTs in the GB system have also been investigated.