Novel phosphomolybdic acid/single-walled carbon nanohorn-based modified electrode for non-enzyme glucose sensing

A novel phosphomolybdic acid/single-walled carbon nanohorn based amperometric sensing platform was successfully constructed for determination of glucose. Single-walled carbon nanohorn acted as an active matrix and was used to immobilize phosphomolybdic acid. As-prepared phosphomolybdic acid/single-walled carbon nanohorn composite was characterized by SEM, EDX and XRD. Electrochemical behaviors of modified electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Electrochemical investigations of phosphomolybdic acid/single-walled carbon nanohorn electrode showed three well-defined pairs of redox peaks and rapid electron transfer between electrode and electrolyte. Excellent electrocatalytic performance was obtained due to the synergistic effect of phosphomolybdic acid and single-walled carbon nanohorn. It was concluded that the linear amperometric response to glucose was achieved in the concentration range of 0.035 mM to 4.0 mM, and the detection limit was calculated as 2.4 μM. Moreover, as-prepared phosphomolybdic acid/single-walled carbon nanohorn electrode exhibited prominent selectivity, stability and reproducibility, making it a promising tool for sensitive non-enzymatic determination of glucose.