Melt supercooling behavior and crystal growth of Ba(B1−xMx)2O4 (M:Al or Ga)

Supercooling behavior of BaB 2 O 4 substituted with M (M:Al or Ga) for B was investigated. Moreover, single crystals were grown by the modified Czochralski method. Since Al and Ga are glass forming elements for the borates such as BaB 2 O 4 , large supercooling was obtained by the substitution of M for B. By controlling the M-amount single crystals of the low-temperature phase were grown, preventing glass formation. The merits of the substitution are the suppression of the solid-state phase-transformation during growth and cooling, and the crystal hardening.