Utilization of Therapeutic Interventions for Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalized Patients and Emerging Treatment Possibilities from Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background and Objective: Few small observational studies have described various therapeutic interventions utilized in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients based on single/multi-center experiences across the globe. Understanding the utilization of available and possible treatments to curb the COVID-19 pandemic is paramount. We aimed to identify the prevalence and disease-associated utilization of specific therapeutic reagents in hospitalized COVID-19 patients as a function of severity status. Methods: In systematic review and meta-analysis, extracted data on treatments utilized and severity of COVID-19 hospitalized patients from observational studies using PRISMA guidelines from December 1, 2019 to August 20, 2020. The pooled prevalence and odds of treatment utilization were obtained, and created forest plots using random‐effects models. Results: 29 studies with 8570 COVID-19-positive patients were included. Higher odds of the utilization of steroids (pooled OR:4.47; 95%CI:3.18–6.28; p