Safety and Efficacy of a Treat-and-Extend Regimen of Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Diabetic Macular Edema or Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This article has been amended to include factual corrections. An error was identified subsequent to print publication. Figure 2 was incorrect, and has been revised and updated. The online article is considered the version of record. Background and Objective: This meta-analysis evaluates treat-and-extend regimens relative to monthly and as-needed (prn) regimens using anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents for diabetic macular edema and macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. Materials and Methods: Comparative studies evaluating a treat-and-extend regimen relative to a monthly or prn regimen with anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for diabetic macular edema or macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion were included following a systematic literature search. Results: Seven studies of 984 eyes were included. Relative to a monthly regimen, treat-and-extend was similar for change in best-corrected visual acuity at final follow-up ( P = .59) and had a lower number of injections ( P < .00001). Relative to a prn regimen, treat-and-extend was similar for change in best-corrected visual acuity at final follow-up ( P = .84) and was associated with a higher number of injections ( P = .02). Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that a treat-and extend regimen was nonsignificantly different compared to monthly and prn regimens in efficacy and safety end points. [ Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023;54(3):131–138.]