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Insulin receptor isoforms: an integrated view focused on gestational diabetes mellitus
- Source :
- Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews. 32:350-365
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2015.
-
Abstract
- The human insulin receptor (IR) exists in two isoforms that differ by the absence (IR-A) or the presence (IR-B) of a 12-amino acid segment encoded by exon 11. Both isoforms are functionally distinct regarding their binding affinities and intracellular signalling. However, the underlying mechanisms related to their cellular functions in several tissues are only partially understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge in this field regarding the alternative splicing of IR isoform, tissue-specific distribution and signalling both in physiology and disease, with an emphasis on the human placenta in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Furthermore, we discuss the clinical relevance of IR isoforms highlighted by findings that show altered insulin signalling due to differential IR-A and IR-B expression in human placental endothelium in GDM pregnancies. Future research and clinical studies focused on the role of IR isoform signalling might provide novel therapeutic targets for treating GDM to improve the adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Gene isoform
medicine.medical_specialty
biology
business.industry
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Insulin
medicine.medical_treatment
Alternative splicing
medicine.disease
Gestational diabetes
03 medical and health sciences
Insulin receptor
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Internal medicine
Diabetes mellitus
Placenta
Internal Medicine
medicine
biology.protein
Signal transduction
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15207552
- Volume :
- 32
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........5bacd51595b8911b5d14c8612af5fb9e