Effects of Fe and Co Co-doping on Structural, Magnetic, and Optical Properties of Ti0.9Fe0.1−xCoxO2 Magnetic Semiconductors

A series of six samples with a general formula Ti0.9Fe0.1−xCoxO2 (x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1) has been synthesized by solid-state reaction method at annealing temperature of 1150 ∘C for 2 hours. The synthesized samples have been characterized by X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, EDX, vibrating sample magnetometer, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy to investigate structural, defective, morphological, elemental, magnetic, and optical properties. Structural analysis revealed dominant structure of rutile with a minor peak of hematite and anatase. An intensity loss and peak broadening of TiO2 (rutile) vibration lines has been observed from Raman analysis. Magnetic characterization showed ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. Optical characterization revealed blue shift in band gap energy with increasing amount of Co concentration.