Hybrid intra-operative pulmonary artery stenting in congenital heart disease

Objective Percutaneous branch Pulmonary Artery (PA) stenting can be challenging, especially when associated with stenosis of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT), after previous angioplasty or with complexity of PAs branches. Surgical patch enlargement of Pas alone can be disappointing in these situations. A hybrid-approach, with PA stenting during surgery, may be an alternative to optimize surgical management in complex pulmonary artery stenosis.