Styrene emulsion polymerization in the presence of a maleate-functional surfactant

Dodecylhemiester of maleic anhydride is a very good anionic stabilizer for the emulsion polymerization of styrene. Rather high solid contents may be produced. Up to about 70% of the surfactant can be grafted onto the surface of the particles. Upon floculation with calcium salt, only 3% of the surfactant is left in the washing water. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.1 J Appl Polym Sci 65: 2289–2296, 1997