Role of hydrogen and its implications to decarbonise India

Hydrogen is gaining attention as a promising future energy source. It has the potential to be a clean alternative to fossil fuels, particularly if it is produced using renewable resources. Two key concerns will be addressed by hydrogen energy, viz, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, Cut down on pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper discusses various production methodologies, as well as challenges, consequences, and control measures, as well as methods for storing and transporting hydrogen, the role of density in storage, the use of existing pipelines and mapping for transportation, and the transition to cryogenic tanks and embrittlement resistant materials in the near future. India has a favourable geographical location and vast reserves for renewable energy which makes it a suitable candidate to emerge as a green hydrogen exporter by 2030. It also discusses how India can use its resources effectively, implement policies and measures and seek international collaboration for R&D in production technology and storage capabilities and materials in order to reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, cost of production, replace fossil fuels with clean energy fuels and achieve its ambitious target of decarbonising by 2050.